Molarities of Concentrated Acids and Bases

Many acids and bases are purchased in solutions instead of a solid reagent. Even when these solutions are labeled "concentrated reagent", they are still in a water solution. This table gives the concentration of some of these reagents. Water and acid combine in an exothermic reaction. Acid / Base Concentration D = g/cm3 - MW = amu Acetic Acid, Glacial, 100% HC2H3O2 17 Molar Density = 1.05 Molecular Wt. = 60.05 Hydrochloric Acid, 37% HCl 12 Molar (12N) Density = 1.185 Molecular Wt = 36.5 Nitric Acid, 70% HNO3 16 Molar (16N) Density = 1.42 Molecular Wt = 63.01 Phosphoric Acid, 85% H3PO4 15 Molar Density = 1.7 Molecular Wt = 98.0 Perchloric Acid, 71% HClO4 11 Molar Density = 1.6 Molecular Wt = 100.46 Sulfuric Acid, 96% H2SO4 18 Molar (36 N) Density = 1.84 Molecular Wt = 98.08 Ammonium Hydroxide, 29% NH4OH 15 Molar Density = 0.90 Molecular Wt = 35.05 Sodium Hydroxide, 50% NaOH 19 Molar Density = 1.52 Molecular Wt = 40.0