Solution Concentration Page:
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3. mole fraction = the ratio of moles of one substance to the total moles of all substances in the solution.
Mole fraction is a dimensionless quantity, like a ratio. The sum of the mole fractions of all the components in a solution must equal to ONE.
In a solution containing nA moles of solute and nB moles of solvent, the mole fraction of solute, XA, and the mole fraction of the solvent, XB, can be expressed as follows:
XA = nA / nA + nB XB = nB / nA + nB
Example:
A tincture of iodine contains 0.3 moles of iodine dissolved in 2.0 moles of alcohol. What is the mole fraction of each of the substances in the tincture?
4. mass percent = the percent of a solution's total mass that is solute.
Many commercial solutions are labeled with mass percent. This solution concentration compares the mass of the solute to the total mass of the solution.
Example:
A bottle of bleach contains 25 grams of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) in 100 grams of water. What is the mass percent of bleach in the solution?
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 Supersaturated Solution
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