national standards

Solution Preparations
 

Water and acid combine in an exothermic reaction.

Terms Related To Solution Concentration
Concentrated
Any solution containing a high ratio of solute to solvent.
Dilute
Any solution containing a high ratio of solvent to solute.
Molarity (M)
Moles of solute per dm3 of solution.
Molality (m)
Moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
Normality (N)
Equivalents of solute per dm3 of solution.

Solution Concentration Preparation
Acetic Acid
0.5 M
28.5 cm3 of 17 M HC2H3O2 per dm3
Ammonium Hydroxide
6.0 M
400 cm3 of 15 M NH4OH per dm3
Barium Chloride
0.1 M
24.4 g of BaCl2 • 2H2O per dm3
Calcium Nitrate
0.1 M
23.6 g of Ca(NO3)2 • 4H2O per dm3
Chlorine Water
37.5 cm3 of 5% NaClO (commercial bleach) + 200 cm3 water
+ about 9 cm3 of 6 M HCl to get the greenish-yellow Chlorine color
Copper (II) Nitrate
0.1 M
24.4 g of Cu(NO3)2 • 3H2O per dm3
Hydrochloric Acid
0.1 M
8.55 cm3 of 12 M HCl per dm3
Iodine
0.05 M
Dissolve 12.7 g of I2 and 5.3 g of KI in 250 ml of H2O.
Dilute to 1 liter
Iron (III) Nitrate
0.1 M
40.8 g of Fe(NO3)3 • 9H2O per dm3
Lead Nitrate
0.1 M
33.1 g of Pb(NO3)2 per dm3
Limewater
Prepare 0.02 M Calcium Hydroxide
Magnesium Nitrate
0.1 M
25.6 g of Mg(NO3)2 • 6H2O per dm3
Nitric Acid
6.0 M
375 cm3 of 18 M HNO3 per dm3
Potassium Nitrate
0.1 M
10.1 g of KNO3 per dm3
Potassium Permanganate
0.02 M
3.16 g of KMNO4 per dm3
Silver Nitrate
0.1 M
17 g of AgNO3 per dm3
Sodium Chloride
0.1 M
5.85 g of NaCl per dm3
Sodium Chloride
Saturated
357 g of NaCl per dm3 of cold water
Sodium Hydroxide
0.2 M
8.0 g of NaOH per dm3
Sodium Nitrate
0.1 M
8.5 g of NaNO3 per dm3
Silver Sulfate
2.0 M
284 g of NaSO4 per dm3
Sulfuric Acid
3.0 M
167 cm3 of 18 M H2SO4 per dm3
Sulfuric Acid
0.25 M
14.0 cm3 of 18 M H2SO4 per dm3
Zinc Nitrate
0.1 M
29 g of Zn(NO3)2 • 6H2O per dm3